Cell+Cycle,+Mitosis,+Meiosis

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This video explains Sexual Reproduction, Mitosis, and Meiosis.

**1. What are the advantages + disadvantages of both sexual and asexual reproduction?** ** Definition: **  **Asexual reproduction:**   **1) Producing offspring from only one parent**   **2) Reproduction involving one parent that produces identical offspring.**

**Sexual reproduction:**  **1) Reproduction involves two parents, female and a male. (join at fertilization)**   **2) Producing offspring from two parents. (mixture of chromosomes and genes)** Sexual Reproduction: A male and a female mate. The fertilized eggs produced have a mixture of chromosomes, some mixture of chromosomes, some from each parent. SInce they have a mixture of chromosomes, the offspring will also get a mixture of genes and so have a set of characteristics that is different from each parent.

Asexual Reproduction: Is a form of reproduction where there is no combination of genetic material. Instead, the organism exactly duplicates its genetic material, or DNA, so the copy made is genetically the same as the original (mitosis). This type of reproduction is unique in that it produces offspring without sex cells. Additionally, the offspring are genetically identical to the parent organism. Simple organisms like amoebas as well as many plants are examples of living things that reproduce asexually. ** Advantages & Disadvantages: **  **Sexual reproduction (adva****ntages): Sexual reproduction produces variation.** **Asexual reproduction (advantages): Asexual reproduction is faster than sexual reproduction. (No need to find a mate)** **Sexual reproduction (disadvantages): Sexual production is slower than asexual reproduction.** **Asexual reproduction (disadvantages): Asexual reproduction does not produce variation, meaning that they are all the same. Every new organism produced by asexual reproduction is genetically identical.** ** 2. Name 3 organisms that reproduce sexually and 3 that reproduce asexually. **  **Asexually: insects (aphids in the spring), bacteria, dandelion** **Sexually: insects (aphids in the autumn), tiger, lion** media type="youtube" key="6QIV0EGuY5A" width="425" height="350" http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6QIV0EGuY5A **3. What is the relationship between the cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis?** **Definitions:** Example: Babies growth over time to become adults. The first stage of the cell cycle is interphase. Then Mitosis begins. Ending in Cytokinesis.
 * -Cell Cycle:** The regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo is known as the cell cycle.

**-Mitosis:** is the stage during which the cell’s nucleus divides into two new nuclei. (Part of asexual reproduction) **-Meiosis:** is the process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced to half to form sex cell’s – sperm and eggs. (Part of sexual reproduction) **__Relationships:__** Mitosis is the process inside the Cell cycle. Mitosis is the asexual reproduction of the cell to create more of the same cell’s that will heal and help the organism grow. The first part of the cell cycle is the copying of DNA so that the cell’s can asexually reproduce to create more cells’ that will help with healing and growing. Mitosis is just a part of the cell cycle.
 * The Cell Cycle – Mitosis:**

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ba9LXKH2ztU **Mitosis – Meiosis:** Mitosis is the process in which the cell’s divide (asexual reproduction) to create more cell’s for healing and growing. This has a relation with meiosis because in the first stages of both cycles their main goal is to copy chromosomes and duplicate. **The Cell Cycle – Meiosis:** There is no relationship between The Cell Cycle and Meiosis. But, they are both cycles that replicate. www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/how-cells-divide.html

This is a good interactive website that will show you Mitosis, Meiosis, and The Cell Cycle Also: http://biologyinmotion.com/cell_division/  Learn how Mitosis, Meiosis, and The Cell Cycle work through interaction - (DO IT YOURSELF) QUIZ YOURSELF! **4.What are the cell cycle and meiosis used for?**  **The Cell Cycle:** This is used so that organisms can regenerate, heal, and grow. This cycle is obviously important in the growth of the organisms. Without this cycle organisms would not be able to heal wounds and grow into adult organisms. EXAMPLE: the pigs need to grow - These cells that help the pigs grow and regenerate dead cells (are from part of the cell cycle.) **Meiosis:** This cycle is used to produce sex cells – sperm and female eggs. This cycle creates these cells that help with the reproduction of organisms. Without this cycle organisms would not be able to reproduce an offspring. **5.What is similar about the cell cycle and meiosis?** Both cell cycle and meiosis are a cycle in which they produce more cells to reproduce. In both mitosis and meiosis the nuclear membrane breaks down and the DNA organizes itself into chromosomes. Both cycles include the chromosomes separating equally and stretching into separate cells. The purpose and reason of cell cycle and meiosis is the same; to produce more cells. Both cycles are vital for human life: Without the cell cycle, we would not be able to heal injuries and grow. Without meiosis we wouldn't be able to exist or produce more human beings. media type="file" key="how-cells-divide.swf" width="636" height="636" [] **6.What is different about cell cycle and meiosis?** The cell cycle is basically a photocopy of the original cell. It is identically reproducing the cell. Meiosis is different though because instead of producing two identical cells, it produces four sex cells. The quantity is also different: the cell cycle produces two cells while the Meiosis produces four cells. At the end of the **cell cycle**, the product has the **same number of chromosomes** as the mother cell. At the end of __Meiosis__, the product has __half the number of chromosomes__ as the mother cell.